Artistic gymnastics is a discipline of gymnastics and a hobby, both male and female. The athlete of this discipline, the gymnast, must be endowed with strength and speed, high joint mobility, and must undergo a very intense training to perfect the numerous coordination elements (some of which are counterintuitive, such as backward jumps). The main elements, such as the upside-down, the wheel or the vertical, can still be learned in adulthood.

Rhythmic gymnastics is a discipline of gymnastics and an Olympic sport that is mainly female, team, individual or in pairs. Individual gymnasts can decide to participate mainly in two types of competition: the specialty or the category. The gymnasts participating in the category championship must support four rotations (that is, perform four exercises) with different tools including rope, hoop, ball, clubs and ribbon established by the Italian federation, unlike the gymnasts who decide to participate in the championship of specialties that have the possibility to choose two tools. The maximum duration of the exercises is for both of 90 seconds of execution per exercise. For teams and couples, the exercises are two, longer, up to 150 seconds; in the first of the two tests the gymnasts all have the same tool, while in the second two types of tools are used.